Climate Öndörkhaan Airport 2021-2024

Climate and trends: average temperature, flight conditions, precipitation, wind speed and direction.

Calculated from historical METAR data of Ulaanbaatar Chinggis Khaan International Airport (ZMCK) between 2021 and 2024.

VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	96.5	94	99	97
February	97.1	95	99	98
March	95.9	95	97	96
April	95.7		94	98
May	97.2		96	99
June	99.3		99	100
July	96.3		91	100	99
August	94.9		97	99	88
September	96.9		91	100	100
October	97.2		97	95	100
November	96.1		95	95	99
December	93.7		89	95	98
Average	96.1	94.4	95.2	97.7	96.9

1st best VFR conditions of Mongolia

VFR conditions during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the VFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 8 km or more and a ceiling of 3,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Marginal VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	97.7	96	99	98
February	98.7	97	100	100
March	97.6	97	98	98
April	98.1		98	98
May	99.2		100	99
June	99.6		100	100
July	99.7		100	100	99
August	95.7		100	100	88
September	100.0		100	100	100
October	98.4		99	96	100
November	97.3		98	96	99
December	97.6		98	97	98
Average	97.8	96.6	99.1	98.4	97.0

Marginal VFR conditions or better during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the MVFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 5 km or more and a ceiling of 1,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Maximum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	-16.0	-17	-17	-14
February	-13.2	-15	-10	-13
March	-1.7	-4	2	1
April	7.6		6	10
May	16.0		15	17
June	23.1		24	23
July	23.4		23	23	25
August	20.9		22	20	21
September	17.1		17	19	16
October	8.2		11	6	8
November	-7.6		-9	-7	-3
December	-16.6		-16	-19	-12
Average	2.3	-12.3	5.6	6.1	9.2

2nd highest temperature of Mongolia

Average highest temperature per day

The maximum temperature is typically observed some hours after noon.

Minimum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	-28.7	-27	-29	-26
February	-26.3	-28	-22	-27
March	-14.3	-15	-12	-14
April	-6.3		-7	-5
May	2.5		2	3
June	10.6		10	11
July	12.3		13	11	13
August	10.0		11	9	10
September	4.1		5	4	3
October	-6.2		-4	-7	-6
November	-18.3		-19	-18	-16
December	-26.3		-26	-28	-24
Average	-10.1	-24.8	-7.6	-7.6	-4.7

2nd lowest temperature of Mongolia

Average lowest temperature per day

The minimum temperature is typically observed just before sunrise.

Precipitation (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	4.2	7	1	4
February	3.9	6	1	5
March	5.2	4	4	8
April	6.1		8	4
May	5.4		7	4
June	3.4		1	6
July	6.7		13	5	2
August	6.4		4	9	6
September	5.7		10	2	5
October	5.5		4	10	3
November	6.5		9	7	4
December	8.4		14	9	3
Average	5.4	5.6	6.3	6.0	3.8

Precipitation during daylight period

Percentage of observations with observed rain, drizzle, snow or hail. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Wind speed (knots)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	5.3	5	6	5
February	6.1	6	6	6
March	9.0	7	10	10
April	12.3		13	12
May	12.3		12	13
June	11.3		11	11
July	9.3		10	10	8
August	8.7		8	9	9
September	10.0		10	10	10
October	9.0		9	9	9
November	7.3		8	6	8
December	5.7		6	6	5
Average	8.3	6.2	9.3	9.3	8.4

2nd highest wind speed of Mongolia

Average wind speed

Excluding wind gusts. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Prevailing wind direction

Month	2024	2023	2022	2021
January	065°	336°	073°
February	051°	025°	305°
March	360°	306°	300°
April		306°	302°
May		305°	319°
June		318°	321°
July		319°	292°	312°
August		305°	304°	328°
September		287°	294°	286°
October		314°	314°	292°
November		319°	011°	301°
December		357°	295°	348°

Prevailing wind direction

Average wind direction, weighed by wind speed. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.