Climate Enrique Adolfo J 2020-2024

Climate and trends: average temperature, flight conditions, precipitation, wind speed and direction.

Calculated from historical METAR data of Marcos A. Gelabert International Airport (MPMG) between 2020 and 2024.

VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	99.2	100	98	100	100	99
February	99.5	100	100	100	99	99
March	98.8	97	98	98	99	100
April	97.1		99	96	97	97
May	96.0		98	92	97	96
June	95.4		96	94	97	92
July	96.4		98	97	96	95
August	95.2		94	97	95	96
September	96.5		98	98	96	95
October	95.8		95	95	96	97
November	93.8		95	96	94	93
December	97.2		97	99	96	96
Average	97.0	98.8	97.2	96.5	96.8	96.2

2nd best VFR conditions of Panama

VFR conditions during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the VFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 8 km or more and a ceiling of 3,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Marginal VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	99.5	100	99	100	100	100
February	99.6	100	100	100	99	99
March	99.2	100	99	98	99	100
April	98.2		99	98	98	99
May	97.6		99	95	97	98
June	97.3		97	97	98	95
July	97.9		99	98	98	98
August	97.1		96	98	97	99
September	97.9		99	99	98	97
October	97.9		98	98	98	99
November	95.6		96	97	95	96
December	98.6		99	100	99	98
Average	98.2	99.8	98.2	97.9	98.0	97.9

Marginal VFR conditions or better during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the MVFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 5 km or more and a ceiling of 1,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Maximum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	31.4	33	31	32	31	32
February	32.2	32	32	32	32	33
March	32.7	33	33	32	32	34
April	32.4		33	31	32	33
May	31.0		33	30	31	32
June	30.2		31	29	30	30
July	30.6		32	30	31	30
August	30.4		31	30	30	30
September	30.3		32	30	30	30
October	30.0		31	30	30	30
November	29.8		31	29	30	29
December	31.1		32	31	31	31
Average	31.2	32.8	31.7	30.4	30.8	31.0

2nd highest temperature of Panama

Average highest temperature per day

The maximum temperature is typically observed some hours after noon.

Minimum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	23.9	25	23	23	24	24
February	23.9	24	24	23	24	25
March	24.2	26	23	23	24	24
April	24.3		25	25	25	25
May	25.1		24	24	25	26
June	24.9		26	25	25	25
July	24.8		26	25	25	25
August	24.8		26	25	24	25
September	24.6		26	24	25	24
October	24.3		25	23	24	24
November	24.3		24	24	24	25
December	23.9		24	23	24	24
Average	24.5	25.0	24.4	23.8	24.3	24.6

5th lowest temperature of Panama

Average lowest temperature per day

The minimum temperature is typically observed just before sunrise.

Precipitation (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	2.8	2	8	2	2	3
February	0.4	0	0	1	2	0
March	2.3	0	3	9	4	1
April	4.6		2	8	7	6
May	6.2		4	7	6	9
June	5.8		3	13	5	6
July	6.8		4	7	9	8
August	6.8		8	8	6	11
September	5.4		3	7	6	6
October	7.3		6	18	4	5
November	11.1		6	14	10	18
December	6.0		6	6	7	7
Average	4.9	0.8	4.4	8.2	5.7	6.5

Precipitation during daylight period

Percentage of observations with observed rain, drizzle, snow or hail. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Wind speed (knots)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	8.5	10	8	8	8	9
February	10.2	11	11	9	10	11
March	9.5	10	8	8	8	10
April	7.1		9	6	7	7
May	5.6		8	5	6	6
June	5.0		6	5	5	5
July	5.7		6	5	6	5
August	5.4		6	5	5	5
September	5.2		6	5	5	5
October	5.3		5	5	5	5
November	5.7		6	5	6	7
December	6.6		8	5	6	6
Average	7.1	10.2	7.2	5.9	6.3	6.8

2nd highest wind speed of Panama

Average wind speed

Excluding wind gusts. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Prevailing wind direction

Month	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	335°	337°	341°	335°	337°
February	343°	345°	343°	334°	341°
March	332°	337°	332°	340°	344°
April		338°	315°	329°	328°
May		327°	287°	319°	304°
June		291°	180°	290°	260°
July		316°	301°	307°	306°
August		298°	275°	233°	296°
September		309°	175°	276°	189°
October		164°	206°	265°	172°
November		292°	221°	305°	185°
December		328°	335°	327°	327°

Prevailing wind direction

Average wind direction, weighed by wind speed. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.