Climate Vatican City Heliport 2020-2024

Climate and trends: average temperature, flight conditions, precipitation, wind speed and direction.

Calculated from historical METAR data of Rome Urbe Airport (LIRU) between 2020 and 2024.

VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	78.5	75	66	81	78	83
February	78.5	75	73	88	80	83
March	84.6	68	80	91	92	96
April	89.9		88	90	92	93
May	90.3		81	97	94	99
June	97.2		93	99	98	96
July	98.9		97	100	99	100
August	97.4		94	97	99	97
September	96.0		98	94	99	95
October	90.2		91	93	96	91
November	82.6		75	87	82	89
December	76.6		71	66	81	75
Average	87.4	72.5	85.0	91.5	91.4	91.9

44th best VFR conditions of Italy

VFR conditions during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the VFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 8 km or more and a ceiling of 3,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Marginal VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	92.2	92	86	92	94	92
February	92.2	93	89	96	87	90
March	95.8	86	98	98	94	99
April	97.4		96	99	97	96
May	97.9		96	100	99	99
June	99.5		99	100	99	100
July	99.9		100	100	100	100
August	99.3		98	100	99	99
September	99.2		100	99	100	98
October	96.9		98	94	99	97
November	93.8		96	94	92	94
December	91.7		93	81	93	91
Average	95.9	90.1	95.9	96.8	96.4	96.5

Marginal VFR conditions or better during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the MVFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 5 km or more and a ceiling of 1,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Maximum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	13.0	15	13	13	12	14
February	15.4	17	15	16	16	17
March	17.1	18	18	16	16	17
April	19.8		19	19	18	20
May	24.2		24	27	23	26
June	30.4		29	33	30	28
July	33.2		34	35	32	33
August	33.2		33	34	33	33
September	28.5		30	28	30	29
October	23.8		27	25	22	21
November	17.9		19	19	18	19
December	14.0		15	15	14	14
Average	21.8	16.9	22.9	23.6	22.0	22.4

10th highest temperature of Italy

Average highest temperature per day

The maximum temperature is typically observed some hours after noon.

Minimum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	3.6	6	5	3	4	2
February	5.2	6	3	5	6	6
March	7.8	10	9	5	7	7
April	10.5		10	10	11	11
May	16.3		16	17	17	18
June	21.9		20	23	23	21
July	24.3		24	25	25	25
August	22.8		22	24	23	25
September	18.1		18	18	19	19
October	13.3		15	14	13	12
November	9.7		10	10	11	9
December	5.6		7	8	5	5
Average	12.5	7.3	13.3	13.4	13.6	13.2

67th lowest temperature of Italy

Average lowest temperature per day

The minimum temperature is typically observed just before sunrise.

Precipitation (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	6.1	5	9	3	12	3
February	4.8	5	3	3	5	0
March	5.9	9	3	6	6	4
April	5.0		7	5	7	4
May	4.6		8	2	4	1
June	1.0		1	1	2	2
July	0.4		1	0	1	0
August	1.1		1	1	1	3
September	2.2		1	5	0	6
October	2.3		1	1	3	4
November	7.3		6	5	14	2
December	9.0		4	20	10	10
Average	4.2	6.4	3.6	3.6	5.1	3.1

Precipitation during daylight period

Percentage of observations with observed rain, drizzle, snow or hail. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Wind speed (knots)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	4.9	5	5	5	6	3
February	5.3	5	4	6	5	5
March	6.2	6	6	6	6	6
April	5.9		6	7	6	5
May	5.7		5	5	7	7
June	6.0		6	6	6	7
July	6.4		6	7	7	6
August	6.0		6	6	7	7
September	5.4		6	7	5	5
October	5.0		5	4	6	5
November	4.9		5	5	5	4
December	4.8		5	5	5	5
Average	5.6	5.3	5.4	5.7	5.9	5.4

10th highest wind speed of Italy

Average wind speed

Excluding wind gusts. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Prevailing wind direction

Month	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	358°	348°	011°	094°	020°
February	167°	342°	337°	325°	301°
March	188°	213°	326°	331°	275°
April		319°	251°	226°	256°
May		265°	249°	221°	257°
June		261°	262°	243°	227°
July		230°	249°	233°	255°
August		237°	244°	232°	233°
September		302°	218°	242°	245°
October		208°	276°	358°	215°
November		278°	344°	085°	015°
December		004°	142°	015°	174°

Prevailing wind direction

Average wind direction, weighed by wind speed. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.