Climate Kantonsspital Luzern 2020-2024

Climate and trends: average temperature, flight conditions, precipitation, wind speed and direction.

Calculated from historical METAR data of Emmen Air Base (LSME) between 2020 and 2024.

VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	58.9	65	64	60	57	60
February	70.1	75	71	92	64	94
March	80.9	74	80	88	84	83
April	86.3		77	86	90	97
May	83.9		72	90	87	81
June	91.6		97	91	88	90
July	93.2		97	97	90	96
August	82.7		93	86	88	91
September	87.2		95	87	84	85
October	76.3		89	76	69	80
November	55.5		81	75	42	39
December	51.3		62	18	52	51
Average	78.2	71.7	83.4	82.9	77.6	80.9

14th best VFR conditions of Switzerland

VFR conditions during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the VFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 8 km or more and a ceiling of 3,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Marginal VFR conditions (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	81.4	84	95	84	82	74
February	87.8	88	91	96	91	98
March	94.4	89	96	99	96	97
April	96.4		97	95	97	100
May	96.8		95	98	97	96
June	97.1		99	98	96	97
July	96.6		99	99	97	99
August	91.0		99	97	97	96
September	97.3		99	99	97	98
October	90.7		96	94	89	91
November	80.6		95	87	75	63
December	75.8		73	63	78	71
Average	91.2	87.1	95.3	94.4	92.2	91.6

Marginal VFR conditions or better during daylight period

Percentage of observations where the MVFR minimums for ceiling and visibility are met: visibility of 5 km or more and a ceiling of 1,000 ft or more. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Maximum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	4.5	6	5	5	3	6
February	8.3	11	8	10	8	12
March	11.7	13	12	13	11	11
April	15.2		13	14	13	19
May	19.0		19	22	16	19
June	24.9		27	26	25	22
July	25.7		27	28	23	26
August	25.0		26	27	22	23
September	21.2		25	19	22	22
October	16.3		19	19	14	14
November	8.6		10	11	6	9
December	5.1		7	2	5	4
Average	14.7	9.6	16.4	16.6	14.1	15.2

7th highest temperature of Switzerland

Average highest temperature per day

The maximum temperature is typically observed some hours after noon.

Minimum temperatures (°C)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	-2.2	-2	-1	-2	-2	-2
February	-1.4	2	-1	-1	-1	1
March	0.9	3	2	-1	0	1
April	3.7		4	4	2	5
May	8.5		10	11	6	8
June	13.5		13	14	14	12
July	14.0		16	15	14	15
August	14.3		15	14	13	14
September	11.1		13	10	11	12
October	6.8		8	10	5	6
November	2.4		2	4	2	2
December	0.0		0	-1	0	0
Average	5.4	1.1	6.6	6.6	5.2	6.0

8th lowest temperature of Switzerland

Average lowest temperature per day

The minimum temperature is typically observed just before sunrise.

Precipitation (%)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	17.0	18	19	7	26	4
February	13.0	9	5	10	16	13
March	14.5	19	20	5	12	11
April	12.8		23	18	11	5
May	14.6		16	11	21	12
June	9.1		4	11	11	19
July	9.8		13	5	19	7
August	12.5		17	7	12	21
September	9.1		4	19	8	6
October	10.6		10	11	7	17
November	16.2		29	12	16	5
December	20.7		24	26	19	19
Average	13.1	15.4	14.6	10.9	14.5	11.4

Precipitation during daylight period

Percentage of observations with observed rain, drizzle, snow or hail. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Wind speed (knots)

Month	Average	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	2.9	3	3	2	2	3
February	3.0	2	3	4	2	5
March	3.5	3	4	2	3	4
April	3.2		4	3	3	3
May	3.4		3	3	4	4
June	2.9		3	3	3	3
July	2.8		3	2	2	3
August	2.4		3	3	2	3
September	2.4		2	3	2	2
October	2.1		2	2	2	2
November	2.3		3	2	2	2
December	2.5		2	1	2	1
Average	2.8	2.5	2.8	2.5	2.6	2.9

7th highest wind speed of Switzerland

Average wind speed

Excluding wind gusts. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.

Prevailing wind direction

Month	2024	2023	2022	2021	2020
January	262°	286°	265°	269°	254°
February	269°	353°	253°	021°	255°
March	250°	249°	023°	269°	024°
April		288°	318°	348°	359°
May		040°	340°	263°	023°
June		016°	332°	334°	316°
July		255°	344°	323°	298°
August		245°	028°	330°	267°
September		022°	260°	346°	298°
October		242°	240°	334°	252°
November		248°	257°	316°	333°
December		246°	200°	232°	245°

Prevailing wind direction

Average wind direction, weighed by wind speed. Only observations between sunrise and sunset are taken into account.